THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURE AND ECONOMY OF THE PEOPLES OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS

Abstract

The Caucasus, from the geopolitical perspective is the linking bridge between Europe and Asia, as a geographical unit, is the witness of many historical events, which had subsequently changed the history. The existence of the trade routes crossing the mountainous landscape and gorges in the Caucasus had become the foundational factor of its economic structure. In this context, the main sources for making livelihood had become agriculture. cattle-breeding and fishing for the peoples of the Northern Caucasus-Adyghe People, Ossetians, Chechen-Ingushs and Nakh(Vainakh) people. This is confirmed with the discovery of the agricultural tools and human skeletons. The study of the discovered artifacts confirms the theory that they had been on a higher level of development in comparison to other peoples residing in the region. Apart from this, the Caucasus, by having the important trade routes had played important role in the development of the international trade in the region.

Keywords: Adyghe people, Ossetians, Checheno-Ingushs, Vainakh People, Agriculture, Cattle-breeding.