PECULIARITIES OF USING THE PARTICLE ARA/AR IN ORAL SPEECH

Abstract

In modern connected speech, it is very common to use sentences containing the particle ar with the positive meaning. These kinds of sentences are also found in writing and mass media, e.g., vints ar unda ikos, rats ar unda ikos, rogorts ar unda ikos “Whoever they are, whatever it is” etc. Sentences having the particle ar with the positive meaning are mainly found in constructions that contain relative pronouns and relative adverbs. However, it is also common in other expressions, e.g., ra ar gaaketa, rogor ar etsada, vin ar miugzavna “They did everything. They tried their best. They asked everyone to talk to them”, etc.

In the above-mentioned cases, the participle ar is used for stylistic purposes. It is noted that (in the expressions like vints ar unda ikos, rats ar unda ikos) it is required to maintain the expressiveness of the sentence, and in some cases – it is needed to strengthen the meaning. The same can be said about the constructions that contain the syntagms of the following type - ra ar gaaketa, rogor ar etsada, vin ar miugzavna. But a fact should be mentioned here - it does not indicate the negative meaning, but, on the contrary, it brings positive semantics. It enhances the action expressed by the word unda. At first glance, it is a content inaccuracy, because in the sentences of the this type rats ar unda gaaketo, amas ver shedzleb, vints ar unda iko, maints ar shegrcheba “No matter what you do, you will not be able to do it. No matter who you are, you will still not be able to maintain it”, by adding the particle ar, the action is expressed negatively when the context implies positiveness. Cf.: rats unda gaaketo, vints unda iko... But in the mentioned sentences, it is the participle ar that emphasizes the performance of the action connected to the word unda. That's why we believe that the given sentences are formed by the stylistic needs and should not be considered as a mistake. The negative form of reasoning is used as a function of the positive. In other words, they are prohibitive sentences in form, and affirmative sentences with the meaning.

Keywords: Syntax, Oral speech, Particle.