OBSERVATIONS ON SYNCHRONOUS AND DIACHRONIC MANIFESTATIONS OF CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE PRESENT TENSE

Abstract

The grammatical structure of present tense verbs in the current dialects of the Armenian language reveals significant structural and morphological differences. Verbal forms of the literary language type grum em, sirum em in dialects correspond to constructions with numerous phonetic variants. grel em, grelis em, grum em, ku grem, ka grem, ha grem.

Over time, the use of ancient Armenian present-time forms of the present tense and the imperfect (aorist) in the meaning of the subjunctive mood gradually led to the need to create special forms that express the original meaning of the present time. Initially, with this purpose, compound forms, including an infinitive with a preposition and an auxiliary verb, began to be used. The infinitive present in the fight against the grabar present turned out to be the winner only in one part of the oral versions of the Armenian language, in the other part a new form of the present appeared, formed by the particle ku. Thus, there were two large branches of Armenian dialects - L and Ku. In dialects of branch L, the infinitive present continued to function, and for the future constructions with k (modern branch L) were used. In the second part of the speech, formations with participle forms - lis (dialects of the modern branch S) were created for the present tense, and infinitive constructions continued to express the meaning of future time.

Keywords: Armenian dialects, grammatical form, verb system, subjunctive mood, Old Armenian language, indicative mood, analytical forms, classification of dialects.